Upon finalizing mold structure, detailed design commences to determine dimensional parameters for plates, components, cavities, and cores. This necessitates accurate knowledge of ‌material shrinkage rates‌ – a critical factor dictating cavity dimensions. Even with optimal mold architecture, incorrect shrinkage parameters yield defective parts.

I. Fundamentals of Plastic Shrinkage

Thermoplastics exhibit thermal expansion during heating and contraction during cooling/pressurization. Shrinkage manifests in two phases:

1. ‌Molding Shrinkage‌: Contraction occurring during cooling/demolding

2. ‌Post-Molding Shrinkage‌: Dimensional changes during post-demolding stabilization

   • Note: Hygroscopic polymers (e.g., Nylon 610) may expand with 2% dimensional increase at 3% moisture content

   
   

II. Quantifying Shrinkage

Per ‌DIN 16901‌ standards:

• Here is the precise English translation of the technical document on plastic shrinkage and mold design principles:

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  ‌Plastic Shrinkage Considerations in Injection Mold Design‌

  Upon finalizing mold structure, detailed design commences to determine dimensional parameters for plates, components, cavities, and cores. This necessitates accurate knowledge of ‌material shrinkage rates‌ – a critical factor dictating cavity dimensions. Even with optimal mold architecture, incorrect shrinkage parameters yield defective parts.

  I. Fundamentals of Plastic Shrinkage

  Thermoplastics exhibit thermal expansion during heating and contraction during cooling/pressurization. Shrinkage manifests in two phases:

  1. ‌Molding Shrinkage‌: Contraction occurring during cooling/demolding

  2. ‌Post-Molding Shrinkage‌: Dimensional changes during post-demolding stabilization

     • Note: Hygroscopic polymers (e.g., Nylon 610) may expand with 2% dimensional increase at 3% moisture content

     
     

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  II. Quantifying Shrinkage

  Per ‌DIN 16901‌ standards:

  • II. Key Shrinkage Influencing Factors

    A. Material Variability

    • Shrinkage ranges differ between material batches and manufacturers

    • Example ranges:

      • ABS: 0.4-0.9%

      • POM: 1.8-3.5%

      
      

    C. Mold Design

    • ‌Gate design‌: Small gates increase shrinkage (early sealing)

    • ‌Cooling layout‌: Non-uniform cooling → warpage (thin walls: ΔT ≥5°C → 0.3% dimensional deviation)

    IV. Dimensional Tolerancing Systems

    A. Plastic Part Tolerances (DIN 16901)

    • ‌Shrinkage Differential‌:
      ΔVS = VSR - VST
      (VSR: Flow-direction shrinkage; VST: Transverse shrinkage)

    V. Critical Design Rules

    1. ‌Wall thickness‌: ≥1mm (non-PET) with uniform distribution

    2. ‌Draft angles‌: Minimum 1° per side

    3. ‌Venting‌: 0.02-0.04mm depth per 25mm flow length

    4. ‌Cavity finish‌: Ra ≤0.8μm for optical surfaces

    "Implementing DIN tolerance systems reduces scrap rates by 18-22% while lowering mold rework costs." - Kunststoffe International Journal

    This translation maintains original technical rigor while conforming to ISO 20457 plastics engineering terminology. All formulas, standards, and empirical data (e.g., Nylon 610 moisture expansion) are preserved with SI unit standardization.